A colon polyp is a tiny cell cluster that develops on the colon's lining. Colon polyps are usually not harmful. But over time, some colon polyps can transform into colon cancer, which, if discovered in its advanced stages, may be fatal. Colon polyps can appear in anybody. If you smoke, are overweight, or have a personal or family history of colon polyps or colon cancer, you run a higher risk of developing colon cancer. Symptomless colon polyps are common. Regular screening exams, like a colonoscopy, are crucial because colon polyps can frequently be safely and completely removed when discovered in the early stages. Regular polyp detection and removal is the best defense against colon cancer. Healthy cells divide and grow in an organized manner. Certain gene mutations can make cells continue to divide even when no new cells are required. This uncontrolled growth can result in polyps in the colon and rectum. Anywhere in your large intestine can develop polyps. Neoplastic and non-neoplastic polyps are the two main subtypes. Hyperplastic, inflammatory, and hamartomatous polyps are examples of nonneoplastic polyps. Normally, noncancerous polyps do not develop into cancer. Adenomas and serrated polyps are examples of neoplastic polyps. If given enough time to develop, these polyps have the potential to turn cancerous. Adenomas are the most common name for these colon polyps. Depending on how big they are and where they are in the colon, serrated polyps could also develop into cancer. In general, the risk of cancer increases with polyp size, especially with neoplastic polyps. All polyps found during a bowel examination will probably be removed by your doctor. The removal possibilities include: using wire loops or forceps to remove (polypectomy). A liquid may be injected beneath a polyp if it is too large to be removed using this method. This will lift the polyp and isolate it from the surrounding tissue, allowing for removal. surgery that is not too intrusive. Surgery is typically used to remove polyps that are too large or that cannot be safely removed during screening. During this procedure, a device known as a laparoscope is frequently inserted into the abdomen to remove the diseased portion of the bowel. Removing the colon and rectum (total proctocolectomy). If you have a rare inherited syndrome like FAP, you might require surgery to remove your colon and rectum in order to prevent the development of cancer that could be fatal. Colon polyps can develop into cancer in different ways, some more likely than others. Your polyp tissue will be examined under a microscope by a doctor (pathologist) who specializes in examining tissue samples to determine whether it is potentially cancerous.
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